Here is a list of terms I use in my patterns and what they mean.
sc = single crochet
dc = double crochet
tc = triple crochet
st = stitch
sl st = slip stitch
ch = chain stitch
Rnd = round
decrease = PlanetJune has a good tutorial for invisible decreases
On nearly all of my patterns I start with the magic circle. (for example: sc5 in a circle) Here are a few good videos of how to do this technique.
Magic Circle Loop
Learn How to Make a Magic Loop AKA Magic Circle
Most all of my patterns are worked in a continuous spiral and I mark each round with a stitch marker as I go around. I hope this helps. If you have any other questions please don't hesitate to e-mail me. I am new to pattern making so I appreciate any feedback on what works and doesn't so I can improve my pattern writing.
Update: PlanetJune posted a brilliant video of how to join pieces for a seamless finish. She also has many other wonderful how to pages that are enormously helpful.
PlanetJune also has a great post about good sources for eyes and noses here .